Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a family of specifications of an XML Extensible Markup Language is a set of rules for encoding documents in machine-readable form. It is defined in the XML 1.0 Specification produced by the W3C, and several other related specifications, all gratis open standards-based file format Since a disk drive, or indeed any computer storage, can store only bits, the computer must have some way of converting information to 0s and 1s and vice-versa. There are different kinds of formats for different kinds of information. Within any format type, e.g., word processor documents, there will typically be several different formats. Sometimes for describing two-dimensional vector graphics Vector graphics is the use of geometrical primitives such as points, lines, curves, and shapes or polygon, which are all based on mathematical equations, to represent images in computer graphics, both static and dynamic (i.e. interactive In the fields of information science, communication, and industrial design, there is debate over the meaning of interactivity. In the "contingency view" of interactivity, there are three levels: or animated As of 2008, numerous layout engines and web rendering frameworks, including WebKit , KSVG, Gecko (Mozilla Firefox) and Presto (Opera) support animation of SVG to various levels).
The SVG specification is an open standard An open standard is a standard that is publicly available and has various rights to use associated with it, and may also have various properties of how it was designed . There is no single definition and interpretations do vary with usage that has been under development by the World Wide Web Consortium The World Wide Web Consortium is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3) (W3C) since 1999.
SVG images and their behaviors are defined in XML text files. This means that they can be searched, indexed, scripted A scripting language, script language or extension language is a programming language that allows control of one or more software applications. "Scripts" are distinct from the core code of the application, as they are usually written in a different language and are often created or at least modified by the end-user. Scripts are often and, if required, compressed. Since they are XML files, SVG images can be created and edited with any text editor Text editors are often provided with operating systems or software development packages, and can be used to change configuration files and programming language source code, but specialized SVG-based drawing programs are also available.
All major modern web browsers A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users to easily navigate their browsers to except Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is a public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Established on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8 Internet Explorer Windows Internet Explorer , is a series of graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems starting in 1995. It has been the most widely used web browser since 1999, attaining a peak of about 95% usage share during 2002 and 2003 with IE5 and IE6 (IE), support and render SVG markup A markup language is a modern system for annotating a text in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from that text. The idea and terminology evolved from the "marking up" of manuscripts, i.e. the revision instructions by editors, traditionally written with a blue pencil on authors' manuscripts. Examples are typesetting instructions directly.[3] The next major version of IE, Internet Explorer 9, will do so.[4]
Contents |
Overview
SVG has been in development since 1999 by a group of companies within the W3C after the competing standards Precision Graphics Markup Language (PGML) – developed from Adobe's Adobe Systems Incorporated (NASDAQ: ADBE) is an American computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, USA. The company has historically focused upon the creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more-recent foray towards rich Internet application software development PostScript PostScript is a dynamically typed concatenative programming language created by John Warnock and Charles Geschke in 1982. PostScript is best known for its use as a page description language in the electronic and desktop publishing areas – and Vector Markup Language VML was submitted as a proposed standard to the W3C in 1998 by Microsoft, Macromedia, and others (VML) – developed from Microsoft's RTF The Rich Text Format is a proprietary document file format with published specification developed by Microsoft Corporation in 1987 for Microsoft products and for cross-platform document interchange – were submitted to W3C in 1998. SVG drew on experience from the designs of both those formats.
SVG allows three types of graphic objects:
- Vector graphics Vector graphics is the use of geometrical primitives such as points, lines, curves, and shapes or polygon, which are all based on mathematical equations, to represent images in computer graphics
- Raster graphics In computer graphics, a raster graphics image or bitmap is a data structure representing a generally rectangular grid of pixels, or points of color, viewable via a monitor, paper, or other display medium. Raster images are stored in image files with varying formats
- Text
Graphical objects, including PNG Portable Network Graphics is a bitmapped image format that employs lossless data compression. PNG was created to improve upon and replace GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) as an image-file format not requiring a patent license. It is pronounced /ˈpɪŋ/ ping, or pee-en-gee. The PNG acronym is optionally recursive, unofficially standing for PNG's and JPEG In computing, JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for photographic images. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and image quality. JPEG typically achieves 10:1 compression with little perceptible loss in image quality raster images, can be grouped, styled, transformed, and composited into previously rendered Rendering is the process of generating an image from a model, by means of computer programs. The model is a description of three-dimensional objects in a strictly defined language or data structure. It would contain geometry, viewpoint, texture, lighting, and shading information. The image is a digital image or raster graphics image. The term may objects. SVG does not directly support z-indices[5] that separate drawing order from document order for overlapping objects, unlike some other vector markup languages like VML. Text can be in any XML namespace XML namespaces are used for providing uniquely named elements and attributes in an XML document. They are defined in Namespaces in XML, a W3C recommendation. An XML instance may contain element or attribute names from more than one XML vocabulary. If each vocabulary is given a namespace then the ambiguity between identically named elements or suitable to the application, which enhances search ability and accessibility Accessibility is a general term used to describe the degree to which a product, device, service, or environment is accessible by as many people as possible. Accessibility can be viewed as the "ability to access" and possible benefit of some system or entity. Accessibility is often used to focus on people with disabilities and their right of the SVG graphics. The feature set includes nested transformations In mathematics, a transformation could be any function mapping a set X on to another set or on to itself. However, often the set X has some additional algebraic or geometric structure and the term "transformation" refers to a function from X to itself which preserves this structure, clipping paths In 2D computer graphics, a clipping path is a closed vector path, or shape, used to cut out an image in image editing software. Anything inside the path will be included after the clipping path is applied; anything outside the path will be omitted from the output. Applying the clipping path results in a hard or soft (anti-aliased) edge, depending, alpha masks In computer graphics, alpha compositing is the process of combining an image with a background to create the appearance of partial transparency. It is often useful to render image elements in separate passes, and then combine the resulting multiple 2D images into a single, final image in a process called compositing. For example, compositing is, filter effects, template objects and extensibility In software engineering, extensibility is a system design principle where the implementation takes into consideration future growth. It is a systemic measure of the ability to extend a system and the level of effort required to implement the extension. Extensions can be through the addition of new functionality or through modification of existing.
Since 2001, the SVG specification has been updated to version 1.1 (current Recommendation) and 1.2 (still a Working Draft). The SVG Mobile Recommendation introduced two simplified profiles of SVG 1.1, SVG Basic and SVG Tiny, meant for devices with reduced computational and display capabilities. SVG Tiny later became an autonomous Recommendation (current version 1.2) and the basis for SVG 1.2. In addition to these variants and profiles, the SVG Print specification (still a Working Draft) contains guidelines for printable SVG 1.2 and SVG Tiny 1.2 documents.
The Canvas The canvas element is part of HTML5 and allows for dynamic, scriptable rendering of 2D shapes and bitmap images. It is a low level, procedural model that updates a bit map and does not have an in built scene graph element in HTML5 HTML5 is currently under development as the next major revision of the HTML standard. Like its immediate predecessors, HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.1, HTML5 is a standard for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web. The new standard incorporates features like video playback and drag-and-drop that have been previously dependent on third- provides an approach to rendering dynamic graphics in HTML HTML, which stands for HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for web pages. It is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of "tags" surrounded by angle brackets within the web page content that's procedural rather than declarative: instead of specifying the shapes to draw in XML, the author executes drawing commands from a script. Canvas doesn't allow for static rendering, and drawn elements are not identifiable in a DOM The Document Object Model is a cross-platform and language-independent convention for representing and interacting with objects in HTML, XHTML and XML documents. Aspects of the DOM (such as its "Elements") may be addressed and manipulated within the syntax of the programming language in use. The public interface of a DOM are specified in-like way.
Printing
Though the SVG Specification primarily focuses on vector graphics markup language A vector graphics markup language is a markup language that describes an image at a higher level than a bitmap — in terms of lines, curves, and other vector graphics primitives, its design includes the basic capabilities of a page description language A page description language is a language that describes the appearance of a printed page in a higher level than an actual output bitmap. An overlapping term is printer control language, but it should not be confused as referring solely to Hewlett-Packard's PCL. PostScript, one of the most noted page description languages, is a fully fledged (PDL), like Adobe's PDF Portable Document Format is a generic computer term.[citation needed] The best-known PDF implementation is Adobe PDF, a file format created by Adobe Systems in 1993 for document exchange. The remainder of this article discusses Adobe PDF exclusively. It contains provisions for rich graphics, and is also compatible with CSS Cascading Style Sheets is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation semantics (that is, the look and formatting) of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the language can also be applied to any kind of XML document, including SVG and XUL for styling purposes. It is unlike XHTML XHTML is a family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of the widely used Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the language in which web pages are written, whose primary purpose is communication of content, not presentation, and therefore specifies objects to be displayed but not where to place such objects. Conversely SVG is an ideal PDL for print-oriented uses, as it contains all the functionality required to place each glyph and image in a chosen location on the final page.[6] A much more print-specialized subset of SVG (SVG Print, authored by Canon Canon Inc. is a multinational corporation that specialises in the manufacture of imaging and optical products, including cameras, photocopiers, steppers and computer printers. Its headquarters are located in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan, HP Hewlett-Packard Company , commonly referred to as HP, is an American multinational information technology corporation headquartered in Palo Alto, California, USA. HP is one of the world's largest information technology companies and operates in nearly every country. HP specializes in developing and manufacturing computing, data storage, and, Adobe Adobe Systems Incorporated (NASDAQ: ADBE) is an American computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, USA. The company has historically focused upon the creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more-recent foray towards rich Internet application software development and Corel Corel Corporation is a Canadian computer software company headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for producing software titles such as CorelDRAW, WinZIP, WinDVD, Paint Shop Pro and WordPerfect) is currently[update] a W3C The World Wide Web Consortium is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3) Working Draft.[7]
Scripting and animation
Main article: SVG animation As of 2008, numerous layout engines and web rendering frameworks, including WebKit , KSVG, Gecko (Mozilla Firefox) and Presto (Opera) support animation of SVG to various levelsSVG drawings can be dynamic and interactive. Time-based modifications to the elements can be described in SMIL SMIL , the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language, is a W3C recommended XML markup language for describing multimedia presentations. It defines markup for timing, layout, animations, visual transitions, and media embedding, among other things. SMIL allows the presentation of media items such as text, images, video, and audio, as well as, or can be programmed in a scripting language A scripting language, script language or extension language is a programming language that allows control of one or more software applications. "Scripts" are distinct from the core code of the application, as they are usually written in a different language and are often created or at least modified by the end-user. Scripts are often (e.g., ECMAScript ECMAScript is the scripting language standardized by Ecma International in the ECMA-262 specification and ISO/IEC 16262. The language is widely used for client-side scripting on the web, in the form of several well-known dialects such as JavaScript, JScript, and ActionScript or JavaScript JavaScript is an implementation of the ECMAScript language standard and is typically used to enable programmatic access to computational objects within a host environment. It can be characterized as a prototype-based object-oriented scripting language that is dynamic, weakly typed and has first-class functions. It is also considered a functional). The W3C explicitly recommends SMIL as the standard for animation in SVG.[8] A rich set of event handlers In computer programming, an event handler is an asynchronous callback subroutine that handles inputs received in a program. Each event is a piece of application-level information from the underlying framework, typically the GUI toolkit. GUI events include key presses, mouse movement, action selections, and timers expiring. On a lower level, events such as onmouseover and onclick can be assigned to any SVG graphical object.
Compression
SVG images, being XML, contain many repeated fragments of text and are thus particularly suited to compression In computer science and information theory, data compression or source coding is the process of encoding information using fewer bits than an unencoded representation would use, through use of specific encoding schemes by gzip gzip is any of several software applications used for file compression and decompression. The term usually refers to the GNU Project's implementation of such a tool using Lempel-Ziv coding , for which it stands for GNU zip. The program was created by Jean-Loup Gailly and Mark Adler as a free software replacement for the compress program used in, though other compression methods may be used effectively. Once an SVG image has been compressed it may be referred to as an "SVGZ" image, with the corresponding filename extension. The resulting file may be as small as 20% of the original size.[9]
Development history
SVG was developed by the W3C SVG Working Group starting in 1998, after Macromedia and Microsoft introduced VML whereas Adobe Systems and Sun Microsystems submitted a competing format known as PGML. The working group was chaired by Chris Lilley of the W3C.
- SVG 1.0 became a W3C Recommendation on 4 September 2001.[10]
- SVG 1.1 became a W3C Recommendation on 14 January 2003.[11] The SVG 1.1 specification is modularized in order to allow subsets to be defined as profiles. Apart from this, there is very little difference between SVG 1.1 and SVG 1.0.
- SVG Tiny 1.2 became a W3C Recommendation on 22 December 2008.[13]
- SVG Full 1.2 has had a W3C Working Draft in process for years, but now will be dropped soon in favor of a SVG 2.0.[14] SVG Tiny 1.2 was initially released as a profile, and later refactored to be a complete specification, including all needed parts of SVG 1.1 and SVG 1.2. SVG 1.2 Full adds modules onto the SVGT 1.2 core.
- SVG Print adds syntax for multi-page documents and mandatory color management support.
- SVG 1.1 Second Edition, which includes all the errata and clarifications, but no new features to the original SVG 1.1 was given as a Last Call publication on June 22, 2010.[14] It is expected to be approved later this year.
- SVG 2.0 will completely rework draft 1.2 with more integration with new web features such as CSS, HTML5 and WOFF.
The MPEG-4 Part 20 standard - Lightweight Application Scene Representation (LASeR) and Simple Aggregation Format (SAF) is based on SVG Tiny.[15] It was developed by MPEG (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11) and published as ISO/IEC 14496-20:2006.[16] SVG capabilities are enhanced in MPEG-4 Part 20 with key features for mobile services, such as dynamic updates, binary encoding, state-of-art font representation.[17] SVG was also accommodated in MPEG-4 Part 11, in the Extensible MPEG-4 Textual (XMT) format - a textual representation of the MPEG-4 multimedia content using XML.[18]
Mobile profiles
Because of industry demand, two mobile profiles were introduced with SVG 1.1: SVG Tiny (SVGT) and SVG Basic (SVGB). These are subsets of the full SVG standard, mainly intended for user agents with limited capabilities. In particular, SVG Tiny was defined for highly restricted mobile devices such as cellphones, and SVG Basic was defined for higher-level mobile devices, such as PDAs.
In 2003, the 3GPP adopted SVG Tiny as the mandatory vector graphics media format for next-generation phones. SVGT is the required vector graphics format and support of SVGB is optional for Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) and Packet Switch Stream (PSS).[19][20][21] It was later added as required format for vector graphics in 3GPP IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS).[22] Neither mobile profile includes support for the full DOM, while only SVG Basic has optional support for scripting, but because they are fully compatible subsets of the full standard most SVG graphics can still be rendered by devices which only support the mobile profiles.[23]
SVGT 1.2 adds a microDOM (μDOM), allowing all mobile needs to be met with a single profile.
|
Fri, 18 Jun 2010 02:58:02 GMT+00:00
The NarcoSphere If transportation, norton modern graphics technologies essential upon microsoft and windows about svg are others to provide many suspicious actions ...
SVGCuts
Wed, 18 Aug 2010 22:33:53 GM
Cowboy Boot . SVG. file for Sure Cuts A Lot, Make The Cut and the eCraft cutter!
